{"id":15535,"date":"2023-02-22T18:14:03","date_gmt":"2023-02-23T01:14:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gnosticstudies.org\/?page_id=15535"},"modified":"2025-08-04T12:42:29","modified_gmt":"2025-08-04T19:42:29","slug":"summary-and-conclusion-2","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/gnosticstudies.org\/index.php\/alchemy\/runology\/summary-and-conclusion-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Summary and Conclusion 2"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Summary and Conclusion (continued)<\/h2>\n<h3>Rune Circles<\/h3>\n<p>Many of the authors we have studied employed special runic circles for various purposes.  Below, on the left, we have Gorsleben&#8217;s 1930 Rune Circle and, on the right, we have Kummer&#8217;s Rune Circle:<\/p>\n<p><center><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/images\/RunicCircles1 from GnosticRunes-Notes_RuneCircles1a_sm.jpg\" width=\"775\"><\/center><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<br \/>\nAnd here we have a Rune Circle from Huiracocha&#8217;s FRA group (with a translation of its correspondences on the right):<br \/>\n<center><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/images\/RunicCircles2 from GnosticRunes-Notes_RuneCircles1a_sm.jpg\" width=\"780\"><\/center><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<br \/>\nA comparison of these 3 Rune Circle clearly show, again, the influence that the German authors had on Huiracocha.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Grouping the Runes<\/h2>\n<h3>Our Gnostic-Rosicrucian Rune Rows<\/h3>\n<p>Traditionally, the Runes are associated together in certain groupings, which are called a \u2018Rune Row\u2019.  There may be additional attributes given to these groupings.  With our Gnostic-Rosicrucian Runes, we have chosen to divide them into 4 rows, as follows:<\/p>\n<p>1st Row: <em>Fa <\/em> or <em>Freyr <\/em>\u2019s Lineage <em>[Fa oder Freyr\u2019s Geschlecht]<\/em><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/images\/RuneRow1 from GnosticRunes-Notes_Summary3b_sm.jpg\" width=\"700\"><!--\n1\t2\t3\t4\t5\t6\n\t\t\t\t\t\n     \t \t \t \t \t    \n\t\t\t\t\t\nF\/V\tU\/W\tTh\/D\tO\/A\tR\tK\/C  (G)\n\t\t\t\t\t\nFa\tUr\tThorn \/ Dorn\tOs\tRit \/ Rita\tKaun \/ Kaum\n-->\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<br \/>\n2nd Row: <em>Hagal <\/em> or <em>Odin <\/em>\u2019s Lineage <em>[Hagal oder Odin\u2019s Geschlecht]<\/em><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/images\/RuneRow2 from GnosticRunes-Notes_Summary3b_sm.jpg\" width=\"700\"><!--\n7\t8\t9\t10\t11\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n \t \t \t \t \t\n\t\t\t\t\t\nH\tN\tI\tA\tS\/Z\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\nHagal\tNot\tIs\tAr\tSig\t\n-->\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<br \/>\n3rd Row: <em>Tyr <\/em>\u2019s Lineage <em>[Tyr\u2019s Geschlecht]<\/em><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/images\/RuneRow3 from GnosticRunes-Notes_Summary3b_sm.jpg\" width=\"700\"><!--\n12\t13\t14\t15\t16\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n \t \t \t   \t \t\n\t\t\t\t\t\nT  (D)\tB\/P\tL\tM\tY\/I\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\nTyr \/ Tir\tBar\tLaf\tMan\tYr \/ Ir\t\n-->\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<br \/>\n4th Row: Additional-Surplus Lineage <em>[\u00dcberz\u00e4hlige Geschlecht] <\/em>:<br \/>\nor \u201cGnostic-Enchantment\u201d Lineage <em>[Gnostische-Verzauberung Geschlecht] <\/em>:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/images\/RuneRow4 from GnosticRunes-Notes_Summary3b_sm.jpg\" width=\"700\"><!--\n17\t18\t19\t20\t21\t22\n\t\t\t\t\t\n     \t \t    \t \t \t \n\t\t\t\t\t\nE\tG\tJ\t\tO\tG\n\t\t\t\t\t\nEh \/ Ehe\tGibor \/ Gibur\tJer \/ Jera \nor Belgthor\tthe Cross \nor Kreuz\tOthil \/Odil\tThe \u201cMultiplication\u201d Cross or Malkreuz\n-->\n<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Rune Combinations by Meaning &#038; Shape<\/h3>\n<p>We have already mentioned that certain Runes go together, such as 4 &#038; 21 and 18 &#038; 22.  They have been considered by some to be different versions of the same Rune. <\/p>\n<p>There are also some Runes that seem to complement each other and some which stand alone.  Let\u2019s take a look:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/images\/RuneCombos1 from GnosticRunes-Notes_Summary3b_sm.jpg\" width=\"750\"><!--\n    \t \t\t1 & 2 go together like Yang & Yin, Father & Mother (their Child is 3).\n \t    \t\t3 & 4 (21) go together as Willpower & Movement.\n \t \t\t4 & 1 can be seen as the inverse of the other.\n \t   \t\t5 & 6 go together as Right\/Law\/Judgment & Justice.\n \t\t\t7 is on its own. \n \t \t\t8 & 17 go together because of their shape, as well as their deeper meaning (Need & Law).\n \t\t\t9 is on its own.\n \t \t\t10 & 6 go together because of their shape, as well as their deeper meaning (Transmutation & Sex\/Sword).\n \t \t\t11 & 12 go together because of their meaning (Victory\/Success).\n \t \t\t12 can be seen as a double 14.\n \t \t\t12 & 13 go together because of the Work to be Reborn.\n \t\t\t14 is on its own.\n   \t \t\t15 & 16 go together because of their shape, as well as their deeper meaning.\n   \t   \t\t15 can also be seen as a double 6 in its first shape, \nand as a double bind rune of 6 & 14 in its second shape.\n   \t \t\t17 can also be seen as a double 14 (in the second shape).\n \t   \t\t15, 16, 17 go together because they describe human being and their union.\n \t \t\t\n18 is on its own.  However, it is related to 20 because of \u201cthe Cross in movement\u201d.\n\n   \t    \t\t19 is on its own, but can be seen as a double 3 or a double 6 (depending on the shape).\n \t   \t\t20 is on its own, but is related to 18 (22), because of \u201cthe Cross in movement\u201d.  It can, likewise, be seen as a double 9.\n \t \t\t21 can also be seen as a double 14.\n \t \t\t22 can also be seen as a double 9.\n-->\n<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Rune Sound &#038; Grammatical Groupings<\/h3>\n<p>Runes have been grouped into Vowels, Consonants, and Other (meaning neither a vowel nor a consonant):<\/p>\n<p>Vowels:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/images\/RuneGroupings1 from GnosticRunes-Notes_Summary3b_sm.jpg\" width=\"700\"><!-- \t \t \t \t \t   \t \nU\/V\tO\/A\tI\tA\tY\/I\tE\tO\/A\n2\t4\t9\t10\t16\t17\t21 (4)\n--><\/p>\n<p>Consonants:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/images\/RuneGroupings2 from GnosticRunes-Notes_Summary3b_sm.jpg\" width=\"700\"><!--    \t \t \t   \t \t \t \nF\/W (V)\tTh\/D\tR\tK\/C  (Ch\/G)\tN\tS\/Z\tT (D)\n1\t3\t5\t6\t8\t11\t12\n\n \t \t   \t \t   \t \t\nB\/P\tL\tM\tG\tJ\tG\t\n13\t14\t15\t18\t19\t22 (18)\t\n--><\/p>\n<p>Other:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/images\/RuneGroupings3 from GnosticRunes-Notes_Summary3b_sm.jpg\" width=\"700\"><!-- \t \t\t\t\t\t\nH\t\t\t\t\t\t\n7\t20\t\t\t\t\t\n--><\/p>\n<p>Additionally, if we analyze the names of the Runes, then we learn:<br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; \u2022\tAmong the Vowel names (<em>Ur, Os\/Othil, Is, Ar, Yr\/Ir, <\/em> and <em>Eh<\/em> ), we find that the consonant R is used most, followed by S.<br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; \u2022\tAmong the Consonant names (<em>Fa, Torn\/Dorn, Rit\/Rita, Ka\/Kaum\/Kaun, Not\/Noth, Sig\/Sal\/Sol, Tyr\/Tir, Bar, Laf, Man, Gibor\/Gibur, Jer\/Jera, <\/em> and <em>Gebo\/Gefu <\/em>), we find that the vowel A is used most, followed by O and then I.  The additional consonants most used (excluding the first letter of the Rune\u2019s name) are R, then N, followed by T, B, F and L.<\/p>\n<p>Since R shows up so much in the names of the Runes, this may indicate an important significance for this Rune.<\/p>\n<p><a name=\"AfricanRunes\">&nbsp;<\/a><\/p>\n<h2>Addendum<\/h2>\n<h3><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/images\/ObeliskAtAxum from Cleopatra's Needle (1877) by Sir Erasmus Wilson_sm.jpg\" width=\"250\" align=\"right\">Runes in Africa?<\/h3>\n<p>Many people are familiar with the Pyramids of Egypt, but how many know that there are similar very interesting structures through the world?  South of Egypt, in Sudan, there are also pyramids and, in neighboring Ethiopia, we have the largest obelisk in the World.  <\/p>\n<p><center><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/photo?fbid=2958033337553783&#038;set=pcb.2958042804219503\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/images\/AxumObeliskScript - Semir n3.jpg\" width=\"400\" border=\"0\"><\/a><\/center><\/p>\n<p>In Yeha (northern Ethiopia) there inscriptions where very interesting characters are found.  They are said to be from an ancient language or script, called by various names, such as: Himyaritic, Safa or Safaitic, Saba or Sabaic, Minaean, Minaean-Sabaean, as well as Musnad.  The language \u2018family\u2019 is given as Proto-Arabic or South Semetic and the characters were written in what is called the \u2018Ancient South Arabian script\u2019.  It is estimated by modern scholars to have been in use between the late 2nd millennium BCE to 6th century CE.<\/p>\n<p>In his book <em>Linguistic and Oriental Essays <\/em> (1898), Robert Needham Cust says the following regarding this script:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u201cProfessor Sayce works a new mine, and suggests, that the Phoenician Alphabet was not a Mother-Alphabet, created as a new invention, but was only the daughter of an older Alphabet, traces of which are found in Arabia: this is the great interest, which he has roused (<em>Higher Criticism and the Monuments <\/em>, p. 39): &#8220;The explorations of Dr. Glaser in South Arabia [Munich, 1889] have lately put the question in a new and unexpected light.  He has recopied a large part of the Minaean Inscriptions on the rocks and ancient Monuments of Yemen and Hadhramaut, and has added more than one thousand fresh ones; they are in the Himyaritic Language, and in two different Dialects, the Minaean and Sabaean.&#8221;  And he declares, that <strong>the Minaean Inscriptions are far older<\/strong> than the earliest known to us, that are written in Phoenician Characters (p. 42).  Instead, therefore, of deriving the Minaean Alphabet from the Phoenician, it becomes necessary to <u>derive the Phoenician Alphabet from the Minaean<\/u>.  The Phoenician Alphabet ceases to be the Mother-Alphabet, and becomes the daughter of an older one.\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Sayce is saying that the Minaean Alphabet is the Mother of the Phoenician.  This is interesting because Phoenician is considered by many scholars to be the Parent of Old Hebrew, Aramaic and Greek (among other languages).  <\/p>\n<p>In Augustus Henry Keane\u2019s book <em>The Gold of Ophir, Whence Brought and by Whom <\/em> (1901), he says that Minaean was the \u201cearlier Sabaean\u201d and that \u201cthe Sabaeo-Minaean script is purely alphabetical\u201d as opposed to syllabic.  In a note in the Appendix, we read the following:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u201c\u2026I here quote what Sayce says on the antiquity of the Himyaritic script: &#8220;If Dr. Glaser is right, some of the Minaean inscriptions he has collected go back to the age of the Hyksos in Egypt; at any rate he and Prof. Hommel have made it clear that <strong>the kingdom of Saba or Sheba was preceded by that of Ma\u2019in, and that consequently the Minaean or Himyaritic alphabet has an older history than the Phoenician<\/strong>.  It would seem to follow that Prof. Hommel is right in holding that what Prof. D. H. Muller has called the Proto-Arabic alphabet is the source both of the Himyaritic and of the Phoenician, and that this fact will have to be taken into consideration in all future enquiries into the origin of the alphabet.  It would certainly explain why it is that the Minaean alphabet possesses what the Phoenician alphabet does not\u2014special characters, not derived from any others, for denoting certain sounds which belonged to primitive Semitic phonology but had been lost in the language of Canaan.  It will also explain the names of many of the Phoenician letters which have hitherto been a mystery.  It is only in the Minaean, not in the Phoenician alphabet, that the forms of the letters <em>Aleph, Beth, Pe, <\/em> and others resemble the objects after which they have been respectively named: \u2018ox-(head)\u2019, \u2018house\u2019, and \u2018mouth\u2019.&#8221; (\u2018Academy,\u2019 Nov. 8, 1890)\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>In another book called <em>The Antiquity of Hebrew Writing and Literature <\/em> (1911) by Alvin Sylvester Zerbe, we have a brief section called \u201cMoses and the Minaean Alphabet\u201d, where we read the following:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u201cMuch can be said in support of [Fritz] Hommel\u2019s view that <strong>the Hebrews before the Exodus acquired the alphabet in the Minaean or South Arabic form and that Moses employed it in his writings<\/strong>.  Moses spent forty years in Midian and came under the influence of an advanced Semitic civilization, and nothing prevents our holding that he acquired a knowledge of the Minaean script then current in Midian.\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>So let\u2019s take a look at these alphabets and see their resemblance to the Runic Characters we are studying:<\/p>\n<p><center><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/images\/AfricanRunes1 from GnosticRunes-Notes_AfricanRunes1d_sm.jpg\" width=\"775\"><\/center><\/p>\n<p><!--Musee Imperial Ottoman Constantinople (1895)\tJournal of the Bombay Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society (1861)--><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><center><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/images\/AfricanRunes2 from GnosticRunes-Notes_AfricanRunes1d_sm.jpg\" width=\"775\"><\/center><\/p>\n<p><!--Histoire de l'ecriture dans l'antiquite (1891)\tHistory of the Alphabet (1899)--><\/p>\n<p>George Stephens, in his 1868 book <em>The Old-Northern Runic Monuments of Scandinavia and England <\/em>, says:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u201cI have somewhere in these pages, if I remember right, passingly alluded to the great similarity (not in <em>power <\/em> [or sound] but in <em>form <\/em> [or shape]) of the Himyaritic Alphabet of 28 letters <em>to our Old Runes<\/em> .  This staverow, used in Southern Arabia in very early times, probably from some years or ages before Christ to about 6 centuries after that date, when it rapidly fell away before other characters, has lately excited great attention, and the British Museum has published a folio volume of the known monuments in this alphabet.  They consist of votive bronze tablets in a long-lost idiom, whose nearest approach is traced in the present Amharic; allied to Ethiopic and Hebrew\u2026  <\/p>\n<p>As we must be alive to every hint, as the resemblance in shape of these letters to the oldest runes in Scandinavia and England is very surprising, as this <em>may <\/em> be a connecting link to other alphabets now lost, and as we must eventually look to the East for further information\u2026\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Combining all these different versions together, and comparing them to the Runes, we have:<\/p>\n<p><center><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/images\/RunishWriting2g from Musee Imperial Ottoman Constantinople (1895) by O. Hamdy_sm.jpg\" width=\"780\"><\/center><\/p>\n<p>And it does seem that many are similar in shape: 2, 6, 7, 12, 13, 19, and 22 are very similar (either in the primary or with one of the Rune Variants shown).  Additionally: 3, 11, 14, 15, 16 and 21 are similar to different numbered Runes, as well (again, this may include one of the Rune Variants).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Download the Handouts for this class:<br \/>\n<div class='w3eden'><!-- WPDM Link Template: Default Template -->\n\n<div class=\"link-template-default card mb-2\">\n    <div class=\"card-body\">\n        <div class=\"media\">\n            <div class=\"mr-3 img-48\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wpdm_icon\" alt=\"Icon\"   src=\"http:\/\/gnosticstudies.org\/wp-content\/plugins\/download-manager\/assets\/file-type-icons\/pdf.svg\" \/><\/div>\n            <div class=\"media-body\">\n                <h3 class=\"package-title\"><a href='https:\/\/gnosticstudies.org\/index.php\/download\/gnostic-runology-summary-and-conclusion-3\/'>Gnostic Runology \u2013 Summary and Conclusion 3<\/a><\/h3>\n                <div class=\"text-muted text-small\"><i class=\"fas fa-copy\"><\/i> 1 file(s) <i class=\"fas fa-hdd ml-3\"><\/i> 4747 KB<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"ml-3\">\n                <a class='wpdm-download-link download-on-click btn btn-primary ' rel='nofollow' href='#' data-downloadurl=\"https:\/\/gnosticstudies.org\/index.php\/download\/gnostic-runology-summary-and-conclusion-3\/?wpdmdl=15540&refresh=69da4bbebc9b51775913918\">Download<\/a>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/p>\n<div class='w3eden'><!-- WPDM Link Template: Default Template -->\n\n<div class=\"link-template-default card mb-2\">\n    <div class=\"card-body\">\n        <div class=\"media\">\n            <div class=\"mr-3 img-48\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wpdm_icon\" alt=\"Icon\"   src=\"http:\/\/gnosticstudies.org\/wp-content\/plugins\/download-manager\/assets\/file-type-icons\/pdf.svg\" \/><\/div>\n            <div class=\"media-body\">\n                <h3 class=\"package-title\"><a href='https:\/\/gnosticstudies.org\/index.php\/download\/gnostic-runology-african-runic-inscriptions\/'>Gnostic Runology \u2013 African Runic Inscriptions (Addendum)<\/a><\/h3>\n                <div class=\"text-muted text-small\"><i class=\"fas fa-copy\"><\/i> 1 file(s) <i class=\"fas fa-hdd ml-3\"><\/i> 10401 KB<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"ml-3\">\n                <a class='wpdm-download-link download-on-click btn btn-primary ' rel='nofollow' href='#' data-downloadurl=\"https:\/\/gnosticstudies.org\/index.php\/download\/gnostic-runology-african-runic-inscriptions\/?wpdmdl=15686&refresh=69da4bbeca5061775913918\">Download<\/a>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>End of this Series<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; Summary and Conclusion (continued) Rune Circles Many of the authors we have studied employed special runic circles for various purposes. Below, on the left, we have Gorsleben&#8217;s 1930 Rune Circle and, on the right, we have Kummer&#8217;s Rune Circle: &nbsp; And here we have a Rune Circle from Huiracocha&#8217;s FRA group (with a translation [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":1068,"menu_order":632,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,43],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/gnosticstudies.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15535"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/gnosticstudies.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/gnosticstudies.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gnosticstudies.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gnosticstudies.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15535"}],"version-history":[{"count":32,"href":"https:\/\/gnosticstudies.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15535\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18555,"href":"https:\/\/gnosticstudies.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15535\/revisions\/18555"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gnosticstudies.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1068"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/gnosticstudies.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15535"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gnosticstudies.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15535"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gnosticstudies.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15535"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}